Deborah Fuller
Deborah Fuller
Vaccines and antivirals are the primary strategies used to combat viral infections in humans and emerging pandemics. HIV-1, influenza and more recently, the emergence of Zika and SARS-CoV-2, pose significant challenges. For HIV-1, infected individuals harbor a substantial array of HIV-1 variants, a situation that presents a daunting challenge for developing vaccines and therapies. Similarly, the worldwide variability of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 makes it difficult to predict which viral strain might acquire the ability to infect the human population, and due to the narrow timeframe between detecting a human infection and the “predict and produce” method for generating the vaccine each season, current influenza and coronavirus vaccines will likely be inadequate for preventing the next pandemic. Other emerging threats for future epidemics and pandemics include vector-borne diseases, such as Zika virus that is transmitted through mosquitos and fungal pathogens that are emerging due to climate change. New vaccine and antiviral technologies capable of rapidly responding to these threats are urgently needed. In an effort to address these issues, we are investigating new vaccine and antiviral concepts aimed at achieving broader, more universal protection against highly variable viruses. Toward this goal, we have designed a therapeutic HIV DNA vaccine that when administered in combination with antiretroviral drugs to nonhuman primates infected with a primary isolate of SIV, induces profound control of viral replication that persists after antivirals are withdrawn. Viral control in this model correlated with strong mucosal CD8 responses localized in the gut, and this finding has more recently led us to investigate new DNA vaccine approaches that can more precisely focus CD8 against highly conserved epitopes and novel genetic adjuvants that can localize these responses to the gut, which is a primary source of residual virus. Similarly, using DNA and RNA vaccines and antivirals designed to precisely target highly conserved regions in influenza, we have shown significant protection against a wide range of strains in mice and nonhuman primates. More recently, we have shown that DNA and RNA vaccines can be rapidly developed in response to an emerging pandemic such as COVID-19. Studies currently in progress in the Fuller lab aim to investigate the potential for developing DNA or RNA vaccines for emerging infectious disease, strategies to increase and modulate their immunogenicity and and studies to elucidate the immune mechanisms mediated by DNA and RNA vaccines. Additional work in the Fuller lab includes investigating novel antivirals for influenza and coronaviruses and the development of new strategies to deliver these antivirals to the respiratory tract for improved protection. See publications tab for recent published and at https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7315-2441
For a complete list of publications see: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/1NwM0Kg1dAA5u/bibliography/public/
Connor MA, Hawman DW, Meade-White K, Leventhal S, Song W, Randall S, Archer J, Lewis TB, Brown B, Iwayama N, Ahrens C, Garrison W, Wangari S, Guerriero KA, Hanley P, Lovaglio J, Saturday G, Edlefsen PT, Khandhar A, Feldmann H, Fuller DH, Erasmus JH. A replicon RNA vaccine induces durable protective immunity from SARS-CoV-2 in nonhuman primates after neutralizing antibodies have waned. bioRxiv. 2022 Aug 9;. doi: 10.1101/2022.08.08.503239. PubMed PMID: 35982677; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9387133.
Fuller DH, O'Connor MA. Letter to the Editor: Prior Infection with Coccidioidomycosis in Nonhuman Primates and Impact on Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Disease and Vaccine Immunogenicity. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2022 May;38(5):347-349. doi: 10.1089/AID.2021.0236. Epub 2022 Mar 22. PubMed PMID: 35172614; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9131037.
Ulrich-Lewis JT, Draves KE, Roe K, O'Connor MA, Clark EA, Fuller DH. STING Is Required in Conventional Dendritic Cells for DNA Vaccine Induction of Type I T Helper Cell- Dependent Antibody Responses. Front Immunol. 2022;13:861710. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.861710. eCollection 2022. PubMed PMID: 35529875; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9072870.
Willcox AC, Sung K, Garrett ME, Galloway JG, Erasmus JH, Logue JK, Hawman DW, Chu HY, Hasenkrug KJ, Fuller DH, Matsen Iv FA, Overbaugh J. Detailed analysis of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection in macaques. PLoS Pathog. 2022 Apr;18(4):e1010155. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010155. eCollection 2022 Apr. PubMed PMID: 35404959; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9022802.
Wang H, Li C, Obadan AO, Frizzell H, Hsiang TY, Gil S, Germond A, Fountain C, Baldessari A, Roffler S, Kiem HP, Fuller DH, Lieber A. In Vivo Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy for SARS-CoV2 Infection Using a Decoy Receptor. Hum Gene Ther. 2022 Apr;33(7-8):389-403. doi: 10.1089/hum.2021.295. PubMed PMID: 35057635; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9063208.
O'Connor MA, Erasmus JH, Randall S, Archer J, Lewis TB, Brown B, Fredericks M, Groenier S, Iwayama N, Ahrens C, Garrison W, Wangari S, Guerriero KA, Fuller DH. A Single Dose SARS-CoV-2 Replicon RNA Vaccine Induces Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infected and Uninfected Pigtail Macaques. Front Immunol. 2021;12:800723. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.800723. eCollection 2021. PubMed PMID: 34992610; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8724308.
Kuley R, Draves KE, Fuller DH, Giltiay NV, Clark EA, Giordano D. B cell activating factor (BAFF) from neutrophils and dendritic cells is required for protective B cell responses against Salmonella typhimurium infection. PLoS One. 2021;16(10):e0259158. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259158. eCollection 2021. PubMed PMID: 34705890; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8550399.
Walls AC, Miranda MC, Schäfer A, Pham MN, Greaney A, Arunachalam PS, Navarro MJ, Tortorici MA, Rogers K, O'Connor MA, Shirreff L, Ferrell DE, Bowen J, Brunette N, Kepl E, Zepeda SK, Starr T, Hsieh CL, Fiala B, Wrenn S, Pettie D, Sydeman C, Sprouse KR, Johnson M, Blackstone A, Ravichandran R, Ogohara C, Carter L, Tilles SW, Rappuoli R, Leist SR, Martinez DR, Clark M, Tisch R, O'Hagan DT, Van Der Most R, Van Voorhis WC, Corti D, McLellan JS, Kleanthous H, Sheahan TP, Smith KD, Fuller DH, Villinger F, Bloom J, Pulendran B, Baric RS, King NP, Veesler D. Elicitation of broadly protective sarbecovirus immunity by receptor-binding domain nanoparticle vaccines. Cell. 2021 Oct 14;184(21):5432-5447.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.015. Epub 2021 Sep 15. PubMed PMID: 34619077; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8440233.
O'Connor MA, Munson PV, Dross SE, Tunggal HC, Lewis TB, Osborn J, Peterson CW, Huang MW, Moats C, Smedley J, Jerome KR, Kiem HP, Bagley KC, Mullins JI, Fuller DH. A Gut Reaction to SIV and SHIV Infection: Lower Dysregulation of Mucosal T Cells during Acute Infection Is Associated with Greater Viral Suppression during cART. Viruses. 2021 Aug 14;13(8). doi: 10.3390/v13081609. PubMed PMID: 34452474; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8402906.
Guerriero KA, Murnane RD, Lewis TB, Brown B, Baldessari A, Jeffery DA, Malinowski CM, Fuller DH, O'Connor MA. Recrudescence of Natural Coccidioidomycosis During Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in a Pigtail Macaque Experimentally Infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2021 Jul;37(7):505-509. doi: 10.1089/AID.2020.0228. Epub 2021 Feb 23. PubMed PMID: 33356854; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8260887.
Tunggal HC, Munson PV, O'Connor MA, Hajari N, Dross SE, Bratt D, Fuller JT, Bagley K, Fuller DH. Effects of therapeutic vaccination on the control of SIV in rhesus macaques with variable responsiveness to antiretroviral drugs. PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0253265. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253265. eCollection 2021. PubMed PMID: 34138927; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8211199.
Wood MP, Jones CI, Lippy A, Oliver BG, Walund B, Fancher KA, Fisher BS, Wright PJ, Fuller JT, Murapa P, Habib J, Mavigner M, Chahroudi A, Sather DN, Fuller DH, Sodora DL. Rapid progression is associated with lymphoid follicle dysfunction in SIV-infected infant rhesus macaques. PLoS Pathog. 2021 May;17(5):e1009575. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009575. eCollection 2021 May. PubMed PMID: 33961680; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8133453.
Klatt NR, Broedlow C, Osborn JM, Gustin AT, Dross S, O'Connor MA, Coronado E, Barnette P, Hensley-McBain T, Zevin AS, Muir R, Roederer A, Wangari S, Iwayama N, Ahrens CY, Smedley J, Moats C, Lynch RM, Haddad EK, Haigwood NL, Fuller DH, Manuzak JA. Effects of persistent modulation of intestinal microbiota on SIV/HIV vaccination in rhesus macaques. NPJ Vaccines. 2021 Mar 11;6(1):34. doi: 10.1038/s41541-021-00298-4. PubMed PMID: 33707443; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7952719.
Malherbe DC, Vang L, Mendy J, Barnette PT, Spencer DA, Reed J, Kareko BW, Sather DN, Pandey S, Wibmer CK, Robins H, Fuller DH, Park B, Lakhashe SK, Wilson JM, Axthelm MK, Ruprecht RM, Moore PL, Sacha JB, Hessell AJ, Alexander J, Haigwood NL. Modified Adenovirus Prime-Protein Boost Clade C HIV Vaccine Strategy Results in Reduced Viral DNA in Blood and Tissues Following Tier 2 SHIV Challenge. Front Immunol. 2020;11:626464. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.626464. eCollection 2020. PubMed PMID: 33658998; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7917243.
Linsky TW, Vergara R, Codina N, Nelson JW, Walker MJ, Su W, Barnes CO, Hsiang TY, Esser-Nobis K, Yu K, Reneer ZB, Hou YJ, Priya T, Mitsumoto M, Pong A, Lau UY, Mason ML, Chen J, Chen A, Berrocal T, Peng H, Clairmont NS, Castellanos J, Lin YR, Josephson-Day A, Baric RS, Fuller DH, Walkey CD, Ross TM, Swanson R, Bjorkman PJ, Gale M Jr, Blancas-Mejia LM, Yen HL, Silva DA. De novo design of potent and resilient hACE2 decoys to neutralize SARS-CoV-2. Science. 2020 Dec 4;370(6521):1208-1214. doi: 10.1126/science.abe0075. Epub 2020 Nov 5. PubMed PMID: 33154107; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7920261.
Walls AC, Fiala B, Schäfer A, Wrenn S, Pham MN, Murphy M, Tse LV, Shehata L, O'Connor MA, Chen C, Navarro MJ, Miranda MC, Pettie D, Ravichandran R, Kraft JC, Ogohara C, Palser A, Chalk S, Lee EC, Guerriero K, Kepl E, Chow CM, Sydeman C, Hodge EA, Brown B, Fuller JT, Dinnon KH 3rd, Gralinski LE, Leist SR, Gully KL, Lewis TB, Guttman M, Chu HY, Lee KK, Fuller DH, Baric RS, Kellam P, Carter L, Pepper M, Sheahan TP, Veesler D, King NP. Elicitation of Potent Neutralizing Antibody Responses by Designed Protein Nanoparticle Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Cell. 2020 Nov 25;183(5):1367-1382.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.043. Epub 2020 Oct 31. PubMed PMID: 33160446; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7604136.
Powell RL, Weiss S, Fox A, Liu X, Itri V, Jiang X, Luo CC, Spencer DA, Pandey S, Cheever T, Fuller DH, Totrov M, Hessell AJ, Haigwood NL, Kong XP, Zolla-Pazner S. An HIV Vaccine Targeting the V2 Region of the HIV Envelope Induces a Highly Durable Polyfunctional Fc-Mediated Antibody Response in Rhesus Macaques. J Virol. 2020 Aug 17;94(17). doi: 10.1128/JVI.01175-20. Print 2020 Aug 17. PubMed PMID: 32554699; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7431793.
Erasmus JH, Khandhar AP, O'Connor MA, Walls AC, Hemann EA, Murapa P, Archer J, Leventhal S, Fuller JT, Lewis TB, Draves KE, Randall S, Guerriero KA, Duthie MS, Carter D, Reed SG, Hawman DW, Feldmann H, Gale M Jr, Veesler D, Berglund P, Fuller DH. An Alphavirus-derived replicon RNA vaccine induces SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in mice and nonhuman primates. Sci Transl Med. 2020 Aug 5;12(555). doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc9396. Epub 2020 Jul 20. PubMed PMID: 32690628; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7402629.
Erasmus JH, Fuller DH. Preparing for Pandemics: RNA Vaccines at the Forefront. Mol Ther. 2020 Jul 8;28(7):1559-1560. doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.06.017. Epub 2020 Jun 23. PubMed PMID: 32579882; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7309706.
Fuller DH, Berglund P. Amplifying RNA Vaccine Development. N Engl J Med. 2020 Jun 18;382(25):2469-2471. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcibr2009737. PubMed PMID: 32558474.
Wood MP, Wood LF, Templeton M, Fisher B, Lippy A, Jones CI, Lindestam Arlehamn CS, Sette A, Fuller JT, Murapa P, Jaspan HB, Fuller DH, Sodora DL. Transient Immune Activation in BCG-Vaccinated Infant Rhesus Macaques Is Not Sufficient to Influence Oral Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. J Infect Dis. 2020 Jun 16;222(1):44-53. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz382. PubMed PMID: 31605528; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7457186.
Malherbe DC, Wibmer CK, Nonyane M, Reed J, Sather DN, Spencer DA, Schuman JT, Guo B, Pandey S, Robins H, Park B, Fuller DH, Sacha JB, Moore PL, Hessell AJ, Haigwood NL. Rapid Induction of Multifunctional Antibodies in Rabbits and Macaques by Clade C HIV-1 CAP257 Envelopes Circulating During Epitope-Specific Neutralization Breadth Development. Front Immunol. 2020;11:984. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00984. eCollection 2020. PubMed PMID: 32582155; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7280454.
Gorini G, Fourati S, Vaccari M, Rahman MA, Gordon SN, Brown DR, Law L, Chang J, Green R, Barrenäs F, Liyanage NPM, Doster MN, Schifanella L, Bissa M, Silva de Castro I, Washington-Parks R, Galli V, Fuller DH, Santra S, Agy M, Pal R, Palermo RE, Tomaras GD, Shen X, LaBranche CC, Montefiori DC, Venzon DJ, Trinh HV, Rao M, Gale M Jr, Sekaly RP, Franchini G. Engagement of monocytes, NK cells, and CD4+ Th1 cells by ALVAC-SIV vaccination results in a decreased risk of SIVmac251 vaginal acquisition. PLoS Pathog. 2020 Mar;16(3):e1008377. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008377. eCollection 2020 Mar. PubMed PMID: 32163525; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7093029.
Bar KJ, Coronado E, Hensley-McBain T, O'Connor MA, Osborn JM, Miller C, Gott TM, Wangari S, Iwayama N, Ahrens CY, Smedley J, Moats C, Lynch RM, Haddad EK, Haigwood NL, Fuller DH, Shaw GM, Klatt NR, Manuzak JA. Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIV.CH505 Infection of Rhesus Macaques Results in Persistent Viral Replication and Induces Intestinal Immunopathology. J Virol. 2019 Sep 15;93(18). doi: 10.1128/JVI.00372-19. Print 2019 Sep 15. PubMed PMID: 31217249; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6714786.
Hessell AJ, Powell R, Jiang X, Luo C, Weiss S, Dussupt V, Itri V, Fox A, Shapiro MB, Pandey S, Cheever T, Fuller DH, Park B, Krebs SJ, Totrov M, Haigwood NL, Kong XP, Zolla-Pazner S. Multimeric Epitope-Scaffold HIV Vaccines Target V1V2 and Differentially Tune Polyfunctional Antibody Responses. Cell Rep. 2019 Jul 23;28(4):877-895.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.074. PubMed PMID: 31340151; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6666430.
Roe K, Giordano D, Young LB, Draves KE, Holder U, Suthar MS, Gale M Jr, Clark EA. Dendritic cell-associated MAVS is required to control West Nile virus replication and ensuing humoral immune responses. PLoS One. 2019;14(6):e0218928. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218928. eCollection 2019. PubMed PMID: 31242236; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6594639.
O'Connor MA, Munson PV, Tunggal HC, Hajari N, Lewis TB, Bratt D, Moats C, Smedley J, Bagley KC, Mullins JI, Fuller DH. Mucosal T Helper 17 and T Regulatory Cell Homeostasis Correlate with Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Viremia and Responsiveness to Antiretroviral Therapy in Macaques. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2019 Mar;35(3):295-305. doi: 10.1089/AID.2018.0184. Epub 2019 Jan 2. PubMed PMID: 30398361; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6434588.
Ramsingh AI, Gray SJ, Reilly A, Koday M, Bratt D, Koday MT, Munson P, Murnane R, Smedley J, Hu Y, Messer A, Fuller DH. Correction: Sustained AAV9-mediated expression of a non-self protein in the CNS of non-human primates after immunomodulation. PLoS One. 2018;13(11):e0207077. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207077. eCollection 2018. PubMed PMID: 30383837; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6211758.
O'Connor MA, Tisoncik-Go J, Lewis TB, Miller CJ, Bratt D, Moats CR, Edlefsen PT, Smedley J, Klatt NR, Gale M Jr, Fuller DH. Early cellular innate immune responses drive Zika viral persistence and tissue tropism in pigtail macaques. Nat Commun. 2018 Aug 22;9(1):3371. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05826-w. PubMed PMID: 30135445; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6105614.
Munson P, Liu Y, Bratt D, Fuller JT, Hu X, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK, Mullins JI, Fuller DH. Therapeutic conserved elements (CE) DNA vaccine induces strong T-cell responses against highly conserved viral sequences during simian-human immunodeficiency virus infection. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018 Jul 3;14(7):1820-1831. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1448328. Epub 2018 Apr 12. PubMed PMID: 29648490; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6067903.
Ramsingh AI, Gray SJ, Reilly A, Koday M, Bratt D, Koday MT, Munson PM, Murnane R, Smedley J, Hu Y, Messer A, Fuller DH. Sustained AAV9-mediated expression of a non-self protein in the CNS of non-human primates after immunomodulation. PLoS One. 2018;13(6):e0198154. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198154. eCollection 2018. PubMed PMID: 29874260; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5991358.